Forestry

The land covered by forest, land under the forest infrastructure facilities, as well as overflowing clearings, bogs and glades falling within and neighbouring the forest.

Part of the forest area.

It excludes areas where neither a forest (clearings, defoliated stands, damaged stands) nor forest crops are growing (artificially afforested areas that are not yet included in forest-covered areas).

Forest stands of coniferous trees, ash trees and oaks aged up to 40 years, forest stands of white alder aged up to 10 years, and forest stands of other tree species aged up to 20 years.

Biological age of the dominant tree species of a forest stand. If the age of the dominant tree species of a forest stand differs, the forest stand age is determined based on the biological age of the tree group with the widest area of standing timber.

Middle-age stand – one of the five stand age groups.

A middle-age stand is at the age between end of the young growth and beginning of the seasoning stand. The interval of the middle-age stands is defined by the tree species and felling age.

Seasoning stand is a stand that has reached age class the highest limit whereof is cutting age.

Overseasoned stand – a stand the age of the predominant tree species whereof starts with the third age class after the felling age has been reached.

Maturity stand – a stand the age of the predominant tree species whereof meets the felling cycle or one age class above the felling cycle.

Felling cycle – the time interval of the age class the lowest limit whereof is felling age.

Acquisition of information regarding forest and adjacent bogs, forest infrastructure objects, overflowing glades and bogs falling within the forest area located in specific forest ownership or tenure and documentation of the information acquired.

Final felling is a kind of felling intended for general harvesting of wood performed in one or several attempts after final felling has reached definite age or diameter.

Clear felling - a method in final felling. This type of felling implies that within a year since its outset the basal area of the forest stand or a part of it is reduced below the critical basal area.

Thinning is a type of felling intended for improving the stand composition, growth conditions for the remaining stand.

Improvement felling is a type of felling intended to remove the unproductive forest stands seamlessly or selectively.

Sanitary clear felling is a type of felling with the help of which the stands, which have lost the growing ability due to diseases, pests, wild animals, or abiotic factors (water, fire, wind etc.), are removed.

Sanitary selection felling is a type of felling with the help of which forest stand is cleared from trees overturned and broken down by wind, damaged by diseases, pests, animals or injured otherwise, and which have lost their ability to grow.

Other felling is a type of felling intended for the maintenance of forest infrastructure, landscape forming, collecting of dangerous trees, felling of dead trees, as well as for the preservation of nature values.

The last attempt of selection felling is a kind of final felling by means of which the forest stand is felled in several attempts. The shortest interval between the attempts is five years. During the last attempt of selection felling the forest stand is felled in full.

Partial or complete loss of growth potential of a forest stand due to the impact of pests, diseases, animals, humans, wind, snow, fire and similar factors.

A set of measures for afforestation of land which in the Real Estate State Cadastre Information System is not registered as forest.

The territory, which is determined in order to ensure the conservation of the specially protected species or biotope outside special areas of conservation, as well as in the special areas of conservation, if any of functional zones fails to ensure that.

Large areas, characterised by nature formations of outstanding beauty; landscapes and cultural landscapes unaffected or slightly transformed by people activity; bio-tropical diversity; profusion of culture and historical monuments; peculiarities of cultural environment. The main task of the National Parks is the environment protection and research.

In Latvia there are 4 National Parks: Gauja National Park (1973), Ķemeri National Park (1997), Slītere National Park (1999) and Rāzna National Park (2007).